i am definately not an expert on this, but i have always thought that one of the primary reasons seymour loved muriel so much was because she was was so incredibly **in** the world. zen tells you to simply be, that it is not necessary to leave the world to achieve enlightenment. seymour was into zen, and i think he loved muriel because she just was. she was nail polish and clothes and ringing phones, and he admired this because she was happy with this, she did not mind this earth bound existence, she welcomed and embraced it. of course, on one hand, she was opposite of a zen ideal because she did not realize that those things are transparent, and that perfection is nothingness, as zen would say. she was seemingly the opposite of a zen protagonist because of her ties to the world of phonies and egos, but at the same time, i think she had zen-like attributes. it seems that the glasses sometimes do love people simply because of their ties to the world and it's silly creations. think of ms. glass. she was a bathrobe and an apartment and washrags ("cloths!"), and she was loved dearly by all her nutty zen fanatic kids. bessie just was. i just looked in the book __Mondern Critical Views: JD Salinger__ (article title: "zen and 9 stories") and it said basically the opposite as me. it said that seymour commits suicide because he is stifled by the phoniness and egotism of muriel's world and the only way to escape it is suicide. perhaps that's true, but... "Followers of the Way, as to Buddha-Dharma no effort is necessary. You have only to be ordinary with nothing to do -- defecating, urining, putting on clothes, eating food, and lying down when tired. fools laugh at me, but The wise man understands." --zen master rinzai i think sometimes those books of salinger critism just go for the least common demoninator, the most obvious answer and never look for anything deeper. please feel free to shoot this theory to hell, because simply by writing it i've convinced myself that it's pretty dumb (i'm reminded of course of the quote at the beginning of __seymour: an introduction__: "the actors by their very presense convince me that the words are false..."). but it has some good points, i think. :) lagusta